As the days grow shorter, many chicken keepers notice a drop in egg production. Hens naturally respond to reduced daylight by laying fewer eggs during winter. While some allow their flock to rest, others (like us) use supplemental lighting to keep production steady throughout the year, especially to offset feed costs. It’s worth noting that supplemental lighting won’t increase the total number of eggs per year but spreads out their production for more consistent eggs through the year.
Lighting Tips for Optimal Egg Production
Chickens perceive light differently from humans, so warm spectrum bulbs (<3000K) are ideal, as they mimic natural light and reduce stress. Smart bulbs like Wiz can simulate natural sunrise and sunset, preventing hens from being suddenly left in the dark, which could disorient and stress them. If smart bulbs aren’t an option, it’s best to turn lights on early in the morning rather than extending light into the evening.
Hens need 16 hours of light per day for peak production, and at least 30 lux of brightness. For small coops, a single soft white LED bulb is often enough, while larger coops may require multiple lights to ensure all birds receive sufficient illumination.
Feeding During Extended Lighting
Hens require access to food and water during the extra hours of light. Increased laying demands more energy, so it's crucial they can eat and drink when lights are on. Consider hanging feeders and waterers to reduce mess and pests.
Temperature Control
While lighting plays a big role in egg production, temperature is equally important. Hens burn extra calories staying warm in cold weather, which can reduce their laying. However, we strongly advise against using heat lamps in the coop. Heat lamps are a major fire hazard and have caused countless coop fires, leading to tragic losses of flocks and even entire barns. In fact, we’ve had friends lose entire coops and sheds to heat lamp accidents. The risk simply isn’t worth it.
Instead, focus on proper insulation as the first line of defense. A well-insulated coop—while still ventilated to avoid moisture buildup—will trap the body heat generated by your hens. In fact, even a small flock can produce enough heat to maintain a comfortable temperature, especially in a tight, sealed space. In many cases, this is all that’s needed to keep your hens warm through winter without additional heat. If you still require supplemental warmth, safer alternatives like heat plates or panels made specifically for poultry are a much better choice than heat lamps.
By implementing the right lighting, feeding, and temperature controls, you can help your hens maintain egg production even through the winter months. It's about finding the right balance to keep your flock comfortable, healthy, and productive year-round.
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